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Oct 26, 2017 Java for macOS 2017-001 installs the legacy Java 6 runtime for macOS 10.13 High Sierra, macOS 10.12 Sierra, macOS 10.11 El Capitan, macOS 10.10 Yosemite, macOS 10.9 Mavericks, macOS 10.8 Mountain Lion, and macOS 10.7 Lion. The first is to access web-based Java apps. This is becoming rare. The second is if an app on your Mac uses Java for something. This is still fairly common. But how to tell? Well, one way is to go to the Terminal and type: find /Applications -type f -name.jar This isn’t an accurate list of apps that use Java, but it just searches for any. Build a strong foundation in Android Development, Android Studio and object-oriented Java Programming with this tutorial and complete course. Build Android apps from scratch using Android Studio and Java Programming Language. Upload your apps to Google Play. Apple updates Java for Mac OS X 10.6, but hints that it's winding down its support in future versions of the operating system. Erica Ogg Oct. 21, 2010 11:38 a.m. Jul 15, 2020 Erasing Java from the Mac is a three-step effort involving manually removing different java plug-ins and files found in macOS / Mac OS / Mac OS X. They are present both in the system /Library folder and in the user’s /Library folder. Mar 31, 2018 For example, install the Flash plug-in for Mac OS X, or the Java runtime and browser plug-in for Mac, and neither will appear in your Applications folder. On Windows, that’s no problem — the Control Panel shows a list of all your installed programs, even ones without shortcuts.
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This page shows you, step by step, how to convert a simple Java application to a version you can distribute on a Mac. To follow along, download the ButtonDemo (.zip) example from the Java Tutorial. This example was created using NetBeans which uses the Ant utility. You can run all necessary tools and make all necessary edits from the command line, without launching NetBeans. The Ant tool is required.
You have created a Java application and want to bundle it for deployment. This requires the following steps:
Create a JAR File
This step creates the ButtonDemo.jar file.
Execute ant jar in the high-level project directory to create the dist/ButtonDemo.jar file. This jar file is used to create the .app package.
Bundle the JAR File into an App Package
To create the ButtonDemo.app package, use the appbundler tool. The appbundler is not shipped with the 7u6 version of the Oracle JDK for the Mac. You can download it from the Java Application Bundler project on java.net. There is also AppBundler Documentation available.
As of this writing, the most recent version is appbundler-1.0.jar, which is used by this document. Download the latest version available and substitute the file name accordingly.
- Install the appbundler-1.0.jar file. In this case, create a lib directory in the high-level project directory and add the appbundler-1.0.jar file.
- Modify the build.xml file in the high-level project directory as follows. (The added code is shown in bold.)
- Invoke the appbundler by typing ant bundle-buttonDemo from the high-level project directory. This creates the ButtonDemo.app package in the dist directory.
- You should now be able to launch the application by double clicking ButtonDemo.app in the Finder, or by typing open ButtonDemo.app at the command line.
Bundle the JRE with the App Package
In order to distribute a Java application, you want to avoid dependencies on third party software. Your app package should include the Java Runtime Environment, or JRE. In fact, the Apple Store requires the use of an embedded JRE as a prerequisite for Mac App Store distribution. The runtime sub-element of the <bundleapp> task specifies the root of the JRE that will be included in the app package.
In this example, the location of the JRE is defined using the JAVA_HOME environment variable. However, you might choose to bundle a JRE that is not the same as the one you are using for development. For example you might be developing on 7u6, but you need to bundle the app with 7u4. You will define runtime accordingly.
Since this example defines the runtime sub-element using JAVA_HOME, make sure it is configured correctly for your environment. For example, in your .bashrc file, define JAVA_HOME as follows:
Use the following steps to modify the build.xml file at the top of the project directory:
- Specify an environment property, named env:
- In the target that creates the bundle, specify the location of the JRE on your system, using the env property:
The resulting build.xml file should look like the following. (The new lines are shown in bold.)
Create a fresh version of ButtonDemo.app, using the ant bundle-buttonDemo command. The resulting version includes the JRE in the app package. You can confirm this by examining the Contents/PlugIns directory inside of the app package.
Sign the App
The Gatekeeper feature, introduced in Mountain Lion (OS X 10.8), allows users to set the level of security for downloaded applications. By default, Gatekeeper is set to allow only OS X App Store and Developer ID signed applications. Unless your app is signed with a Developer ID certificate provided by Apple, your application will not launch on a system with Gatekeeper's default settings.
For information on the signing certificates available, see Code Signing Tasks on developer.apple.com.
The signing certificate contains a field called Common Name. Use the string from the Common Name field to sign your application.
Sign your app using the codesign(1) tool, as shown in the following example:
To verify that the app is signed, the following command provides information about the signing status of the app:
To check whether an application can be launched when Gatekeeper is enabled, use the spctl command:
If you leave off the --verbose tag, and it does not print any output, indicates 'success'.
For more information, see Distributing Outside the Mac App Store on developer.apple.com.
Submitting an App to the Mac App Store
Packaging an app for the Mac App Store is similar to packaging for regular distribution up until the step of signing the app. Signing the app for the Mac App Store requires a few more steps, and a different kind of certificate.
You will need to create an application ID and then obtain a distribution certificate for that application ID. Submit your app using Application Loader. For more information, see the following links (on developer.apple.com):
Learning how to create your first Android app isn’t easy. If you want to build one from scratch you have to develop an understanding of code, which can be time consuming.
The good news is there are plenty of resources available online that can help. These materials make it possible to learn how to build an Android app on your own. If you’re dedicated, you can gain the essential skills in just a few months.
In this article, we guide you through the app creation process. We’ve included links to the most helpful resources available for learning to code and learning Android development.
Table of Contents
- 5 Learning Android Development
Do You Need to Learn to Code?
What Software Uses Java
You need to learn to code if you want to build an app from scratch. If you don’t want to learn to code, you can use an app builder to create one based on a template.
In the first section of this article, we’ll focus on how you can learn the basics required to code an Android app.
At the end, we’ll show you how you can create an Android app using AppInstitute. With our app builder, you can build an app in just a few hours. It’s the perfect choice for people who don’t have the time to learn a programming language.
Getting Started
There are two steps to learning how to create an Android app from scratch.
- You need to learn the programming language used to code apps.
- Then you need to learn how to use this information to build an app.
Android apps are build using Java or Kotlin. While Kotlin is the official Android language, we’re going to focus on learning Java as it is more widely used. We go into further detail about why we made this choice later in the article.
What Is Java?
Java is a general-purpose programming language used to create software on a variety of platforms. It’s one of the most popular programming languages, so by learning it you’ll gain a valuable skill.
You can use Java to build:
- Android apps
- Web applications
- Windows desktop apps
- Linux desktop apps
- Mac desktop apps
- And more
There are plenty of online courses that teach you the basics of Java.
We like those provided by Coursera and Treehouse as they both start with a basic Java course before teaching you more about Android development. This adds structure to the learning process and keeps pushing you towards your goal of building an Android app.
- Treehouse’s Beginning Android program starts with a Java Basics course that teaches you how to code in Java. It then goes on to teach the basics of Android development. By the end of the course you’ll know how to create a simple app.
- Coursera has a highly rated Android App Development Specialization course provided by Vanderbilt University. It’s designed for people with no prior knowledge and goes through the various stages of learning how to build an Android app—starting with learning Java.
The downside is that you have to pay for both these courses. However, there are some free resources you can use to learn Java. Here are a few of them:
- Udemy has a free Java tutorial course with over 16 hours of video. It has a 4.3 star rating, and over 1 million people have signed up to the course.
- CodeAcademy has a beginner’s introduction to Java which you can try for free.
- Stanford University’s Programming Methodology Course teaches Java, although it looks a little dated.
What about Kotlin?
In 2017, Google changed the official language for Android development to Kotlin. This is a new programming language that is described as a more streamlined version of Java.
This raises the question of whether someone who wants to create an Android app should forget about learning Java and study Kotlin instead.
Most current advice suggests that if you are a complete beginner you should stick to Java because it is a more established language. This means there are a lot more resources and help available. For example, the Android learning courses we have linked to above start with a section on learning Java, not Kotlin.
If you want more information about why learning Java is the best choice for most new Android developers, check out this Medium post by Javin Paul. In the article, he also explains why learning Kotlin can be advantageous if you are already a proficient programmer.
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Learning Android Development
Once you know the basics of Java you can move on to learning how to use this knowledge to develop Android apps.
The Treehouse and Coursera courses listed above both teach the basics of Android app development following their sections on Java.
However, they aren’t the only available resources.
- Google has produced a guide that shows you how to build a simple app that displays “Hello World” using Android Studio. It also teaches you how to test your app and build a user interface. It’s pretty basic stuff but crucial to know if you are new to app development.
- Udacity has a free course that is recommended by Google called Developing Android Apps. It combines theory and practical tips to help you build apps.
The Essential Android Development Tool: Android Studio
When building an Android app, you’ll need to download Android Studio. This is the official Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Android, and it was developed specifically for creating apps on the mobile OS.
The software has a ton of features that simplify creating apps. It has a code editor, a preview section that reflects your changes as you make them, and plenty of templates and sample apps. It also integrates with GitHub.
You can download Android Studio for free from the Android developer’s website.
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Google has also created a vast resource for learning how to use Android Studio; you can check it out here. This contains best practices and a list of core topics that cover everything you need to build an Android app.
While Android Studio is the primary IDE for Android, in the past there have been alternatives. Eclipse was the primary IDE for a while and many tutorials that haven’t been updated mention this program. However, it is no longer supported and Android developers should use Android Studio instead.
Where to Find Help and Support on Your Android App Building Journey
Android is the most widely used operating system worldwide, and there are plenty of places to get help and support. Here are some of the best places to look while on your app development journey.
Stack Overflow: This is a forum for developers where you can get answers to your app development questions. There is also a comprehensive database of problems that have already been solved. Check out the Android-related questions here.
Official Android Documentation: Google provides a ton of material about how to create apps using Android Studio. Once you know the basics of creating an app, this is a great tool to help you learn new features and troubleshoot issues. Check it out here.
Reddit Learn Java: This is an active community of people learning Java. It’s an excellent place to browse and ask questions about the programming language. Join in the conversation here.
Reddit Android Dev: This is a large community of Android Developers. It has plenty of advice about how to get started with building apps. Join the community here.
GitHub Android: GitHub has plenty of Android code samples that show best practices in different aspects of Android.
Your Local Area Developer Group: If you’re looking for in-person help, many cities around the world have active developer groups. Consider joining one to meet up with other developers and share your project. You can find developer groups on meetup.com or by searching on Google or Facebook.
Resilience Is Key
As you may have realized from the information in this article, creating an Android app is not easy if you don’t already know how to do so. Understanding Java will be a big help, but even then you’ll still have a lot to get to grips with. If you have never coded before, your journey will be even longer.
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Depending on how long you can dedicate to study, you can learn the basics of Android app development in a few weeks and create your own app within a few months. Even if you have a full-time job or other commitments, by sticking at it you can learn all you need to know to get started in a relatively short period of time.
The key is that you need to keep going. Coursera estimates that you can complete its Android App Development Specialization course in around five months by putting in just four hours per week. This is a manageable amount of time for many people.
Want to Build an App Without Learning to Code? AppInstitute Can Help
AppInstitute can help you build a personalized app without the need to learn how to code. Our app builder lets you add prebuilt features to your app and then customize them to your liking. Once you are finished you’ll have a bespoke Android app.
Rather than spending months learning how to code, you can start building your app straight away and it can be ready to publish within days. This makes it an excellent choice for business owners who want to quickly release an app.
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This is how our app builder works:
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- First, choose a template. We have plenty of options for different types of businesses, and each template contains all the features you’ll need.
- Next it’s time to personalize the app. You can adjust the color scheme and add information and images. If you already have a Facebook page or website, our API will grab all the essential information and add it to your app automatically.
- The next stage is to add details to your app. If you want to add any features that aren’t included in the template, now is your opportunity.
- Now you’re ready to publish your app. Our software will show you how to do this on Google Play. You can also publish on the App Store for customers who use Apple devices.
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If you want to try out the app builder, you can do so for free by clicking the link below. You only need to pay when you’re ready to publish.